PNPLA3 (Patatin-Like Phospholipase Domain Containing 3): PNPLA3 is a gene that encodes an enzyme called adiponutrin or patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein 3. This enzyme plays a crucial role in lipid metabolism by breaking down triglycerides in fat cells. Variations in the PNPLA3 gene are associated with liver conditions, including non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).