HSV-2 IgG antibodies represent a measure of the immune system’s response to Herpes Simplex Virus type 2 (HSV-2), the virus most commonly linked to genital herpes. These antibodies indicate previous exposure to HSV-2, even in the absence of symptoms. They typically develop within several weeks after infection and persist long-term. The test identifies whether an individual has been infected at some point but cannot determine when the infection occurred or if the virus is currently active.
Testing for HSV-2 IgG antibodies is recommended for individuals with recurring genital symptoms, those with new sexual partners, or during pregnancy to evaluate transmission risk. It is also important for people undergoing IVF or immunosuppressive therapy, as latent infections can impact outcomes.
HSV-2 is mainly transmitted through sexual contact, including genital-genital, oral-genital, or anal-genital contact. The virus can be spread even when no symptoms are present, through asymptomatic viral shedding.
A positive result means the immune system has produced antibodies against HSV-2, indicating a past infection. It does not indicate current infectivity or symptom activity, but confirms the virus is present in the body and can be contagious at times.