Citrobacter spp. are a group of gram-negative bacteria belonging to the Enterobacteriaceae family. They are commonly found in soil, water, and the intestinal tracts of humans and animals. While some species are part of the normal gut flora in small amounts, elevated levels may indicate dysbiosis or overgrowth. Certain species, such as Citrobacter freundii, have been associated with gastrointestinal disturbances, urinary tract infections, and hospital-acquired infections in vulnerable individuals. In stool testing, the presence of Citrobacter may indicate microbial imbalance, immune stress, or prior antibiotic use.
Citrobacter spp. are gram-negative bacteria that can be found in the environment and in the human gut, sometimes as part of the normal flora.
It aids in evaluating the balance of gut microbes, particularly in instances of overgrowth or possible harmful activity.
Though generally harmless in small quantities, certain strains can cause infections or gastrointestinal symptoms, particularly in individuals with weakened immune systems.
Factors include recent antibiotic use, poor diet, decreased beneficial bacteria, or immune suppression.